See breth in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brithem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tairmbreth"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*britis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *britis",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *britis. The declension switched from i-stem to ā-stem by analogy with bert (“bundle”), which is the foundation of the verbal nouns of all derivatives of beirid.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brithe",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brithe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "mbreth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "bretha",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "brithe",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "breth f (genitive brithe, nominative plural bretha)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "brithe",
"3": "bretha"
},
"expansion": "breth f (genitive brithe, nominative plural bretha)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brith",
"nom_sg2": "brith+L"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "brith+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "bretha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "brith+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "brethaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "brethaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "brith+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "breth+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "breth+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "brithe+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "brith+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "bretha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "breth+L",
"nom_sg2": "brith+L",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "brith+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "bretha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "breth+L",
"voc_sg2": "brith+L",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "carrying, bearing",
"word": "beirid"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of beirid: carrying, bearing"
],
"id": "en-breth-sga-noun-anp2J9IK",
"links": [
[
"beirid",
"beirid#Old_Irish"
],
[
"carrying",
"carrying"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 15 9 7 7 2 18 3 9 1 1 2 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 3 9 9 1 15 3 12 1 1 2 22 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"judgement"
],
"id": "en-breth-sga-noun-qcnMph-X",
"links": [
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reference"
],
"id": "en-breth-sga-noun-UjZ6ZiKx",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": ":fri<to>"
},
"expansion": "[with fri ‘to’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"fri",
"‘to’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"reference [with fri ‘to’]"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʲɾʲeθ/"
}
],
"word": "breth"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brithem"
},
{
"word": "tairmbreth"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*britis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *britis",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *britis. The declension switched from i-stem to ā-stem by analogy with bert (“bundle”), which is the foundation of the verbal nouns of all derivatives of beirid.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brithe",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bretha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brithe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "brethaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "mbreth",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "brith",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "bretha",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "brithe",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "breth f (genitive brithe, nominative plural bretha)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "brithe",
"3": "bretha"
},
"expansion": "breth f (genitive brithe, nominative plural bretha)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brith",
"nom_sg2": "brith+L"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "brith+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "bretha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "brith+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "brethaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "brethaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "brith+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "breth+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "breth+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "brithe+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "brith+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "bretha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "breth+L",
"nom_sg2": "brith+L",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "brith+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "bretha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "breth+L",
"voc_sg2": "brith+L",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish verbal nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "carrying, bearing",
"word": "beirid"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of beirid: carrying, bearing"
],
"links": [
[
"beirid",
"beirid#Old_Irish"
],
[
"carrying",
"carrying"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"judgement"
],
"links": [
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"reference"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": ":fri<to>"
},
"expansion": "[with fri ‘to’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"fri",
"‘to’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"reference [with fri ‘to’]"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʲɾʲeθ/"
}
],
"word": "breth"
}
Download raw JSONL data for breth meaning in Old Irish (5.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"breth"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "breth",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.